Python Playwright — универсальный инструмент для веб-автоматизации и парсинга. Хотя он обычно используется в сочетании с контекстом браузера, существуют сценарии, в которых вам может потребоваться использовать Playwright без контекста. В этой статье мы рассмотрим различные способы достижения этой цели, приведя попутно примеры кода.

Метод 1: создание экземпляра браузера

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        # Use the browser instance without creating a context
        # Perform actions and interact with web pages
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 2. Открытие новой страницы

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        # Use the page instance without a context
        # Perform actions and interact with web pages
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 3. Переход по URL-адресу

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        # Use the page instance to interact with the loaded web page
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 4. Моделирование действий пользователя

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        page.click('button')
        # Perform additional actions such as filling forms, submitting data, etc.
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 5. Извлечение содержимого страницы

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        content = page.content()
        # Process and extract the content from the page
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 6: создание снимков экрана

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        page.screenshot(path='screenshot.png')
        # Additional logic to handle the captured screenshot
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 7. Обработка сетевых запросов

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.route('/*', lambda route: route.abort())
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        # Customize the behavior of network requests
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 8. Взаимодействие с JavaScript

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        result = page.evaluate('() => document.title')
        # Perform JavaScript evaluations and retrieve results
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 9: внедрение пользовательских скриптов

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.add_script_tag(url='https://example.com/custom_script.js')
        # Inject custom scripts into the page for enhanced functionality
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

Метод 10: обработка событий страницы

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run_without_context():
    with sync_playwright() as playwright:
        browser = playwright.chromium.launch()
        page = browser.new_page()

        def handle_page_load():
            print('Page loaded successfully.')
        page.on('load', handle_page_load)
        page.goto('https://example.com')
        # Register event handlers to respond to page events
        page.close()
        browser.close()
run_without_context()

В этой статье мы рассмотрели различные методы использования PythonPlaywright без контекста. Эти методы включают в себя создание экземпляра браузера, открытие новой страницы, переход по URL-адресу, моделирование действий пользователя, извлечение содержимого страницы, создание снимков экрана, обработку сетевых запросов, взаимодействие с JavaScript, внедрение пользовательских сценариев и обработку событий страницы. Используя эти методы, вы можете использовать возможности Python Playwright в сценариях, где контекст не требуется, что позволяет автоматизировать веб-задачи и эффективно выполнять сбор веб-страниц.